Pityriasis amiantacea following bone marrow transplant.

Pityriasis amiantacea (PA) is a hair disorder characterized by matting of multiple hair shafts, typically occurring as an idiopathic condition. A 67-year-old woman with multiple myeloma who developed PA following a bone marrow transplant with melphalan conditioning is described.She noted initial changes in scalp hair regrowth 4 weeks posttransplant. During the next 4 months she developed multiple lesions of PA that rapidly responded to management, including mineral oil under occlusion in the evening followed by daily shampooing with alternating coal tar, salicylic acid, and ketoconazole shampoos. We review medications that have been associated with PA and conditions related to PA, including atopic dermatitis, bacterial infection, fungal infection, psoriasis, and seborrheic dermatitis. Our patient developed PA that was associated with either melphalan conditioning, bone marrow transplant, or both.

Pityriasis Alba--Common Disease, Enigmatic Entity: Up-to-Date Review of the Literature.

Pityriasis alba (PA) is a skin disorder that affects children and adolescents. Although it is common worldwide, its incidence is markedly higher in darker skin phototypes. Its characteristic features include an extended, multistage course and spontaneous remissions and recurrences. Preceded by erythematous changes, patches of hypopigmented skin of up to a few centimeters in diameter appear on the upper body. Pruritus may accompany it. Even though its etiology is unknown, possible reported triggering factors include sunlight, beauty treatments, and microorganisms, among others. Calcineurin inhibitors play the most crucial role in PA pharmacotherapy. PA often coexists with atopic dermatitis and is considered one of its milder forms.

Pityriasis amiantacea: a case report.

Pityriasis amiantacea (PA) is a papulosquamous condition of the scalp,characterized by asbestos - like thick scales attached to the hair shaft. It is thought to represent a reaction pattern to inflammatory skin disorders like psoriasis, seborrhoeic dermatitis, tinea capitis, atopic dermatitis and lichen planus, rather than a distinctive disease. The scaling may be localised or generalised, depending on the underlying condition and its duration.This report highlights the clinical features of pityriasis amiantacea secondary to atopic dermatitis and the differential features of other papulo-squamous scalp disorders such as scalp psoriasis, seborrhoeic dermatitis and lichen planus.Scalp psoriasis and seborrhoeic dermatitis are the commonest causes of PA as well as the closest differentials hence should be excluded in all cases. The longterm sequelae of PA include scalp fibrosis and permanent hair loss hence should be identified and treated promptly. The management modalities of PA will also be discussed.

Pityriasis alba revisited: perspectives on an enigmatic disorder of childhood.

Pityriasis alba (PA) is a localized hypopigmented disorder of childhood with many existing clinical variants. It is more often detected in individuals with a darker complexion but may occur in individuals of all skin types. Atopy, xerosis, and mineral deficiencies are potential risk factors. Sun exposure exacerbates the contrast between normal and lesional skin, making lesions more visible and patients more likely to seek medical attention. Poor cutaneous hydration appears to be a common theme for most risk factors and may help elucidate the pathogenesis of this disorder. The end result of this mechanism is inappropriate melanosis manifesting as hypopigmentation. It must be differentiated from other disorders of hypopigmentation, such as pityriasis versicolor alba, vitiligo, nevus depigmentosus, and nevus anemicus. Alleviation of the various risk factors via patient education on proper skin care and hygiene, use of lubricants and emollients, topical corticosteroid therapy in the presence of inflammation, and the novel administration of topical anti-inflammatory drugs such as calcineurin inhibitors can play a crucial role in promoting remission or resolution.

Micoses superficiais na infância / Superficial mycoses in childhood

Os autores descrevem as principais micoses superficiais na infância. Seus fatores predisponentes, agentes etiológicos, mecanismos de transmissão e o tratamento são discutidos.

Pigmentary disorders in India.

This article addresses pigmentary disorders relevant to India. Many of these disorders are easily spotted because of the Indians' darker complexion. The authors examine hypopigmentary and hyperpigmentary disorders, defining the main characteristics of each and their relevance to the people of India, including social as well as physical ramifications. The authors propose the treatments available to Indians exhibiting these skin disorders.

Avaliação da sensibilidade de cepas de Malassezia furfur a imidas cíclicas / Sensibility of evaluation of Malassezia furfur strains at cyclic imides

Malassezia furfur (Pityrosporum orbiculare) é um fungo lipofílico, que está associado a pitiríase versicolor, foliculite, dermatite seborréica e atópica, fungemia e infecções sistêmicas. O tratamento é feito com soluções antimicóticas ou derivados imidazólicos, particularmente, o cetoconazol. Dentro das perspectivas de avaliação de novas alternativas para a terapêutica das infecções micóticas, determinou-se, nesse estudo, a atividade antifúngica de compostos imídicos. As imidas 3,4-dicloro-N-fenil-maleimida (6,3 µg/ml), 3,4-dicloro-N-benzil-maleimida (25 µg/ml) e 3,4-dicloro-N-fenil-propil-maleimida (20 µg/ml) foram os compostos que apresentaram melhor atividade inibitória contra as cepas de M. furfur...

Tratamiento de pitiriasis capitis con shampoo de ketoconazol 1 por ciento y 2 por ciento vs disulfuro de selenio 1 por ciento / Treatment of pityriasis capitis with 1 per cent and 2 per cent Ketoconazole shampoo vs. 1 per cent selenium sulfide

Se efectuaron dos estudios doble ciego con el objetivo de comparar los efectos clínicos de diferentes concentraciones de shampoo de ketoconazol vs shampoo de disulfuro de selenio, su acción sobre la persistencia de P. ovale y la incidencia de efectos secundarios. El primer estudio comparó al ketoconasol al 2 por ciento con el disulfuro de selenio al 1 por ciento, y el segundo comparó ketoconazol al 1 por ciento con disulfuro de selenio al 1 por ciento en el tratamiento de la pitiriasis capitis. Los criterios de evaluación fueron la reducción de la descamación y el prurito, así como la negativización de P. ovale en el frotis. Los resultados del primer estudio demostraron mayor eficacia, tanto clínica como micológica, del tratamiento con shampoo de ketoconazol al 2 por ciento. En el segundo estudio ambos grupos mostraron mejoría de los síntomas sin diferencias significativas. Los efectos adversos fueron prurito en un paciente tratado con ketoconazol 2 por ciento y en tres tratados con disulfuro de selenio al 1 por ciento

Estudio comparativo a doble ciego y aleatoria del zinc pyrithion al 1,5 en champú en el tratamiento de la caspa / Comparative study with double-blind and aleatory basis of 1,5

Se estudiaron 90 pacientes con pitiriasis capitis (caspa) y dermatitis seborréica capitis; 44 pacientes fueron tratados con zinc pyrithion al 1,5% y 46 pacientes fueron asignados a un grupo control en forma aleatoria para recibir un placebo. Los pacientes fueron evaluados a doble ciego clínica y micológicamente por dos observadores distintos en cuatro visitas diferentes. El grupo tratado con el zinc pyrithion al 1,5% tuvo como mejoría clínica y micológica significativamente mayor comparado con el grupo control durante la primera y la segunda visita (p<0,001). Los datos obtenidos sugieren que Pityrosporum ovale contribuye a la patogénesis de estas entidades y muestra la efectividad y seguridad del zinc pyrithion al 1,5% en el tratamiento de estas condiciones.

Pityriasis lichenoides and lymphomatoid papulosis.

The clinical features, histopathology, immunopathology, and management of pityriasis lichenoides and lymphomatoid papulosis are discussed, with particular emphasis on the pediatric aspects of these conditions. The difficulties in logically separating pityriasis lichenoides into an acute (pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta) and a chronic (pityriasis lichenoides chronical) form are addressed. The development of lymphoreticular malignancy in patients with lymphomatoid papulosis has been well documented, but pityriasis lichenoides has characteristically been regarded as a benign condition. However, recent reports of the development of large plaque parapsoriasis in patients with pityriasis lichenoides have led to a reconsideration. Some of these patients were in the pediatric age group. Although there are significant clinical, histopathological, and immunopathological differences between pityriasis lichenoides and lymphomatoid papulosis, the demonstration of similar clonal T cell receptor gene rearrangements and the confirmation of the potentially premalignant nature of both suggests that there may indeed be an interrelationship between these two controversial entities. Close follow-up of patients with both of these conditions is recommended, with observation being discontinued only when the patient has been free of lesions for several years.